Troublemakers: Drugged, Framed and Detained - BBC World Service Documentaries

Published at : 14 Dec 2025

#BBCEye investigates police abuse of psychiatric detention in China, where protestors can be forcibly detained in mental health hospitals and medicated without consent.

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In 2012, China introduced a law to curb the widespread abuse of psychiatric hospitals by the authorities, but it hasn’t worked.

This in-depth investigation reveals how the police found ways to circumvent the law, allowing them to punish protestors without going through the criminal justice system. With almost no checks and balances, the number of people being illegally sent to psychiatric hospitals is said to be surging.

Testimonies from three protestors, detained for months in secure psychiatric wards reveal how they were restrained, forcibly treated with psychoactive drugs and even subjected to electric shock therapy.

Their crime? “Picking quarrels and troublemaking” - the catch all offence police use to sweep up anyone threatening disturb “social harmony”.

(Artificial Intelligence has been used to protect the identity of a contributor in this film, by digitally altering their face and voice.)

00:00 Introduction - Troublemakers: Drugged, Framed and Detained
02:48 Out of the blue – 'K' makes contact
03:50 A turning point in China? White Paper protests
05:14 Hospitalised for protesting
10:41 The Buddhist stupa
12:59 Vlogger Li Yixue is hospitalised - again
13:36 China’s Mental Health Law
15:39 Undercover rescue attempt of Song Zaimin
18:35 Song Zaimin’s official “medical record”
18:50 Taking China’s police to court
24:35 Lawyer, Huang Xuetao
30:17 Electro-shock treatment
35:38 Police intimidation
40:50 Escaping China
42:43 Going undercover to speak to doctors
45:43 Chinese justice?
47:11 Closing thoughts

🎞️ To watch more investigative journalism from our award-winning BBC Eye investigations team, check out this documentary playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLz_B0PFGIn4fa8LK1lptsvoA_spfJhzda

🎥 Watch this film in CHINESE here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UGlfhAmOLVo

🎧 Listen to The Documentary podcast on this investigation here: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct7hyr

🗞 Read about this investigation here: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cr46npx1e73o

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